Canceling branch points and cusps on projections of knotted surfaces in -space |
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Authors: | Osamu Saeki Yasushi Takeda |
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Affiliation: | Faculty of Mathematics, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan ; Graduate School of Mathematics, Kyushu University, Hakozaki, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan |
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Abstract: | For a knotted surface in -space, its generic projection into -space has branch points as its singularities, and its successive projection into -space has fold points and cusps as its singularities. In this paper, we show that for non-orientable knotted surfaces, the numbers of branch points and cusps can be minimized by isotopy. |
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Keywords: | Knotted surface non-orientable surface branch point cusp elimination of singularities |
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