离子液体的制备及应用*

离子液体由于具有独特的物理化学性质而成为一种新型的绿色溶剂，近年来成为国际上研究的前沿和热点。它为开发新型绿色工艺、实现传统重污染、高能耗工业过程的升级换代提供了新机遇。本文介绍了离子液体的合成与制备方法，以及离子液体在CO2捕集分离及转化利用、电解/电镀铝、SO2吸收、废水处理以及废旧塑料降解循环利用中的应用，展望了离子液体的发展前景。

Preparation and Applications of Ionic Liquids

Ionic liquids are a new type of green solvents with many unique physical and chemical characteristics, and it has become the frontier of international research in recent years. Ionic liquids provide new opportunities for developing clean technology. This paper introduces the synthesis and preparation methods of ionic liquids, and discusses the applications of ionic liquids in CO2 capture, conversion and utilization, electrolytic/ electroplating aluminium, SO2 absorption, wastewater treatment, waste plastics degradation and recycling. Furthermore, the future development trends of ionic liquids are also discussed. Contents 
1 Introduction 
2 Synthesis and preparation of ionic liquids
2.1 Common synthesis methods 
2.2 Outfield intensifying methods 
2.3 Microreactor methods 
3 Application of ionic liquids
3.1 Application in CO2 capture, conversion and utilization 
3.2 Application in electrolytic/ electroplating aluminium
3.3 Application in SO2 absorption 
3.4 Application in wastewater treatment
3.5 Application in degradation and recycling of waste plastics 
4 Conclusions and prospects