An inexpensive thread-based system for simple and rapid blood grouping |
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Authors: | David R Ballerini Xu Li Wei Shen |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Chemical Engineering, Monash University, Clayton Campus, Melbourne, VIC, 3800, Australia; |
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Abstract: | This study investigates the use of thread as a flexible and low-cost substrate for the rapid grouping of blood. The use of
a capillary substrate such as thread for blood grouping utilises the sensitivity of the flow resistance of large particles
in narrow capillary channels to separate agglutinated red blood cells (RBCs) from plasma. Large and discrete particles formed
in a continuous liquid phase do not provide capillary wicking driving force and fall behind the capillary wicking front, leading
to their separation from the wicking liquid. The capillary substrate therefore provides a very promising but different mechanism
for the separation of the agglutinated RBCs and the blood serum phase compared to most existing blood grouping methods. The
principle of chromatographic separation is also exploited in this study via the use of suitable dyes to enhance the visual
detection of the agglutinated RBCs and the serum phase; surprising and encouraging outcomes are obtained. Using a thread-based
device, the ABO and Rh groups can be successfully determined with only 2 μL of whole blood from a pricked finger tip within
1 min and without pre-treatment of the blood sample. It is hoped that a new, inexpensive, rapid and simple method may provide
an easy-to-use blood grouping platform well suited to those in developing or remote regions of the world. |
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