Comparative study for voltammetric investigation and trace determination of pramipexole at bare and carbon nanotube-modified glassy carbon electrodes

A sensitive, simple, and reproducible method was developed in this study for the determination of pramipexole, and in doing that, a glassy carbon electrode modified with –COOH-functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotube was utilized. The modified electrode was compared with a bare glassy carbon electrode in order to prove the sensitivity of the developed sensor. Cyclic, differential pulse, and adsorptive stripping differential pulse voltammetric techniques were used to investigate the oxidation behavior and stripping techniques were used for the determination of pramipexole. Based on optimum experimental conditions, calibration and partial validation studies were realized for bare and modified electrodes. As a result, the values of limit of detection and quantification were determined as be 2.38 × 10⁻¹⁰ and 7.93 × 10⁻¹⁰ M for bare and 1.06 × 10⁻¹⁰ and 3.52 × 10⁻¹⁰ M for modified glassy carbon electrodes, respectively. The applicability of the bare and modified electrodes was demonstrated for the determination of pramipexole in pharmaceutical dosage forms. The selectivity of the developed method was considered in the presence of Ca²⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, and glucose, ascorbic acid, uric acid, and dopamine. Interfering agents except uric acid did not affect pramipexole determination considerably.