椭圆形织构摩擦片在核电站安全制动器中作用机理的数值研究

核电站安全制动器基于高精度、高可靠性设计，而摩擦片是安全制动器功能执行的核心零件，其摩擦性能影响核电站设备的安全性和经济性. 本文作者将椭圆织构应用于安全制动器的摩擦片中，通过数值方法研究了椭圆织构摩擦片在电磁制动器中的作用机理；建立椭圆织构摩擦片分析模型，同时利用有限元法求解摩擦片端面的压力分布情况，并研究了椭圆倾斜角、长细比、织构深度和摩擦面间隙变化对压力分布的影响规律. 结果表明:增加椭圆织构的长细比可以有效地降低摩擦面的磨损；椭圆织构倾斜角为45°时，气膜承载力最大，可以有效降低摩擦面的磨损；椭圆织构太深或太浅均会增加摩擦面的磨损，当深度为1 μm时，可以起到很好的减磨效果；椭圆织构产生较大的气膜承载力从而增大间隙，但气膜承载力随摩擦片间隙增加而减小，因而使摩擦片间隙固定在一定范围，既减少了磨损又保证了设备的稳定运行. 本文中涉及的数值研究为完善电磁制动器中的椭圆织构摩擦片设计提供解决方法，后续在产品样机中应用并通过了寿命试验验证. 

Numerical Study on the Mechanism of Friction Lining with Micro-Elliptical Texture in Safety Brake of Nuclear Power Plant

The frictional performance of safety brake used in nuclear power plant affects the safety and economy of nuclear power plant equipment. In this study, the micro-ellipse texture was applied to the friction lining of safety brake. The mechanism of electromagnetic brake’s friction lining with elliptical texture was studied by numerical method. The analysis model of friction lining with micro-ellipse texture was established, at the same time, the pressure distribution on the surface of the friction lining was solved by the finite element method. The influence of ellipse inclination angle on the pressure distribution was studied, which provided the basis for perfecting the design of the friction lining with elliptical texture in the electromagnetic brake.