新型碱性离子液体催化酯交换合成生物柴油

两步法合成了吗啉阴离子型碱性离子液体1-丁基-3-甲基吗啉盐Im，经 ¹H-NMR和FT-IR分析确认了离子液体中间体的结构，并通过阴离子交换得到碱性离子液体，对该离子液体在酯交换制备生物柴油反应中的催化性能进行了研究。结果表明，该碱性离子液体Im具有较高的酯交换催化活性，在60 ℃、催化剂用量为3%、醇油物质的量比为6.5：1.0、反应2 h的条件下，产物脂肪酸甲酯（FAME）含量可达95.80%。而且该离子液体的催化稳定性较好，重复使用5次后仍有较高的催化活性。

Synthesis of biodiesel through catalyzed by a novel transesterification alkaline ionic liquid

A novel basic ionic liquid paired by 1-butyl-3-methyl-morpholine cation and morpholine anion (Im) was synthesized in two steps; the structure of ionic liquid intermediates was characterized by ¹H-NMR and FT-IR. The alkaline ionic liquid was obtained through anion exchange and used as catalyst in the synthesis of biodiesel by transesterification. The results showed that the alkaline ionic liquid Im is highly active as a catalyst in the transesterification; under the optimum reaction conditions of 60 ℃, Im amount of 3%, and methanol/oil mol ratio of 6.5：1.0, the content of fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) in the product reaches 95.80% after reaction for 2 h. Moreover, the alkaline ionic liquid exhibits high catalytic stability upon reusage; it remains highly active even after being reused for five times.