Nonequilibrium phase transitions in chemical reactions |
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Authors: | K J McNeil D F Walls |
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Institution: | (1) School of Science, University of Waikato, Hamilton, New Zealand |
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Abstract: | The far from equilibrium steady states of a simple nonlinear chemical system are analyzed. A standard macroscopic analysis shows that the nonlinearity introduces an instability which causes a transition analogous to a thermodynamic second-order phase transition. Fluctuations are introduced into this model through a stochastic master equation approach. The solution of this master equation in the steady state reveals that the system goes into a more ordered state above the transition point. An analogy is drawn with the nonequilibrium phase transition occurring in the laser at threshold.Supported by a New Zealand U.G.C. Postgraduate Scholarship. |
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Keywords: | Phase transitions chemical kinetics stochastic theory master equations fluctuations nonequilibrium thermodynamics |
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