Impedance spectroscopy and conduction mechanism of multiferroic (Bi0.6K0.4)(Fe0.6Nb0.4)O3 |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Technical Education & Research, Siksha ‘O’ Anusandhan University, Bhubaneswar 751030, India;2. National Physical Laboratory, Delhi 110012, India;1. Key Laboratory of Ecological Utilization of Multi-metal Intergrown Ores of Ministry of Education, School of Materials and Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, Liaoning, China;2. Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China;3. Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116000, Liaoning, China;4. Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8603, Aichi Prefecture, Japan;1. BASF SE, Robert-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen, Germany;2. Max Planck Institute for Chemical Physics of Solids, Nöthnitzer Str. 40, 01187 Dresden, Germany;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 11155-4563, Tehran, Iran;2. Research Center for New Technologies in Life Science Engineering, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 63894-14179, Tehran, Iran;3. Department of Life Science Engineering, Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies, University of Tehran, P.O. Box 14395-1561, Tehran, Iran;1. Electron Microscope and Thin Films Department, Physics Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, 12622, Egypt;2. Materials Physics and Energy Laboratory, College of Sciences and Art at ArRass, Qassim University, ArRass, 51921, Saudi Arabia;1. Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, 603950, Gagarin Ave. 23, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;2. Nizhny Novgorod State Technical University n.a. R.E. Alekseev, 603950, Minin St. 24, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia;3. Department of Chemistry, University of Calabria, P. Bucci-15c, Rende, CS, Italy;4. Central Lab of Solar Energy and New Energy Sources at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 72 Tzarigradsko Chaussee Blvd., Sofia, 1784, Bulgaria |
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| Abstract: | Polycrystalline (Bi0.6K0.4) (Fe0.6Nb0.4)O3 material has been prepared using a mixed-oxide route at 950 °C. It was shown by XRD that at room temperature structure of the compound is of single-phase with hexagonal symmetry. Some electrical characteristics (impedance, modulus, conductivity etc.) were studied over a wide frequency (1 kHz–1 MHz) and temperature (25–500 °C) ranges. The Nyquist plot (i.e., imaginary vs real component of complex impedance) of the material exhibit the existence and magnitude of grain interior and grain boundary contributions in the complex electrical parameters of the material depending on frequency, input energy and temperature. The nature of frequency dependence of ac conductivity follows Joncher?s power law, and dc conductivity follows the Arrhenius behavior. The appearance of P–E hysteresis loop confirms the ferroelectric properties of the material with remnant polarization (2Pr) of 1.027 µC/cm2 and coercive field (2Ec) of 16.633 kV/cm. The material shows very weak ferromagnetism at room temperature with remnant magnetization (2Mr) of 0.035 emu/gm and coercive field (2Hc) of 0.211 kOe. |
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| Keywords: | A Ceramics C X-ray diffraction D Dielectric properties D Electrical conductivity D Magnetic properties |
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