Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne. and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl.: Current Research and Prospects |
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| Authors: | Lu Wang Fujie Cai Wei Zhao Jinli Tian Degang Kong Xiaohui Sun Qing Liu Yueru Chen Ying An Fulin Wang Xue Liu Yi Wu Honglei Zhou |
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| Institution: | 1.College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.);2.Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; |
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| Abstract: | Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. (CA), Cynanchum bungei Decne. (CB) and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl. (CW) are three close species belonging to the Asclepiadaceous family, and their dry roots as the bioactive part have been revealed to exhibit anti-tumor, neuroprotection, organ protection, reducing liver lipid and blood lipid, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. Until 2021, phytochemistry investigations have uncovered 232 compounds isolated from three species, which could be classified into C21-steroids, acetophenones, terpenoids, and alkaloids. In this review, the morphology characteristics, species identification, and the relationship of botany, extraction, and the separation of chemical constituents, along with the molecular mechanism and pharmacokinetics of bioactive constituents of three species, are summarized for the first time, and their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical safety are also updated. Moreover, the direction and limitation of current research on three species is also discussed. |
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| Keywords: | Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight Cynanchum bungei Decne Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim ) Hemsl caudatin cynandione A |
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