非对称铺层复合材料层合板质量优化设计

复合材料广泛应用于航空航天等领域,追求轻量化设计已经成为研究重点。对复合材料层合板质量优化设计,可以减少层合板的纤维用量,减小层合板的质量,降低成本。首先研究复合材料层合板在承受轴向载荷时,产生的形变量、应力示意图,分析容易发生失效部位;以层合板铺层厚度为设计变量,最大应变、铺层比例等为约束条件,最小化层合板质量为优化目标,对碳纤维复合材料层合板铺层厚度等设计变量进行优化,利用强度理论对优化结果进行校核,结合力学试验对比分析优化前后层合板力学性能。结果表明:碳纤维复合材料层合板经过优化后,总质量减轻约16.7%,优化后的层合板满足复合材料强度理论,实验结果与软件仿真具有一致性,说明优化方法是合理可靠的。

QUALITY OPTIMIZATION DESIGN OF UNSYMMETRICAL LAMINATED COMPOSITE PLATES

Composite materials are widely used in aerospace and other fields, and the lightweight design becomes a research focus. The quality optimization design of composite laminates can reduce the fiber consumption, the quality requirement and the cost of the laminates. Firstly, the deformation and stress diagrams of composite laminates under axial load are studied, and the failure prone parts are analyzed;taking the ply thickness as design variables, the maximum strain and the ply ratio as constraints, the optimization objective is to minimize the laminate quality, the ply thickness and other design variables of the carbon fiber composite laminates are optimized, and the optimization results are checked by the strength theory. The mechanical properties of the composite laminates before and after optimization are compared and analyzed by mechanical tests. The results show that the total weight of the carbon fiber composite laminates is reduced by about 16.7% after optimization. The optimized laminates can meet all requirements of the strength theory of composite materials.The experimental results are consistent with the software simulation, which shows that the optimization method is reasonable and reliable.