秸秆生产乙醇预处理关键技术

乙醇是一种很有希望替代有限石油的燃料。目前燃料乙醇已在我国部分省市得到应用。我国目前燃料乙醇生产的主要原料是陈化粮,但我国陈化粮可用于燃料乙醇生产的量十分有限。真正可大量转化乙醇的应是纤维质材料。纤维质材料转化乙醇的挑战性问题是产量偏低、成本偏高。纤维质材料的预处理是转化乙醇过程中的关键步骤,该步骤的优化可明显提高纤维素的水解率,进而降低乙醇的生产成本。本文总结了纤维质材料预处理的各种方法,对各种方法的优缺点进行了综述和分析,并对生物质预处理技术发展的前景进行了展望。

Pretreatment Technology of Corn Stover for Ethanol Production

Ethanol is a promising alternative energy source for the limited crude oil.Ethanol which mainly comes from aged grain has now been used for fuel in a few provinces of China.However,the aged grain which is used to produce ethanol is limited.In China the biomass that could be used to produce ethanol in large quantity is lignocellulosics.The main challenges of ethanol production from lignocellulosic materials are its low yield and high cost of the hydrolysis process.Pretreatment,the critical technology for transformation of lignocellulosic materials to ethanol,can significantly enhance the hydrolysis of cellulose,and then reduce the cost of ethanol production.Progress in research and development of pretreatment is reviewed in this paper,and the advantages and disadvantages of different methods of pretreatment are summarized and analyzed in detail.The prospect of pretreatment is also discussed.