Vortex states in soft magnets in two and three dimensions |
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| Authors: | Zhu Diao M Abid P Upadhyaya M Venkatesan JMD Coey |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratory of Magnetism, Faculty of Physics, University of Bialystok, 41 Lipowa Street, 15-424 Bialystok, Poland;2. Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, 69 Ho?a str., 00-681 Warsaw, Poland;1. Division of Materials Physics, Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan;2. RIKEN SPring-8 Center, Sayo, Hyogo 679-5148, Japan;1. Department of Physics, Åbo Akademi, FI-20500 Turku, Finland;2. Lappeenranta University of Technology, Faculty of Physics, Box 20, 53851 Lappeenranta, Finland;3. St. Petersburg State University, Faculty of Physics, Ulyanovskaya Str. 1, Petrodvorets, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia;4. Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel;5. Department of Chemistry, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland |
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| Abstract: | The magnetization curves of arrays of near-spherical soft ferromagnetic particles are compared with those of quasi-two-dimensional dots with similar radius prepared by a rapid e-beam lithographic technique. Curves for the three-dimensional particles are anhysteretic and fit a M(H)/Ms=tanh(cμ0H) law, whereas the two-dimensional arrays show irreversible segments in the first and third quadrants where the planar vortex state transforms to a collinear state by discontinuous rotation of magnetization about an axis perpendicular to the vortex axis. The additional symmetry of the spherical particle allows this rotation to occur continuously, without energy barriers due to the demagnetizing field. |
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