多级孔Beta沸石合成研究进展

沸石分子筛是许多工业过程中不可缺少的催化剂。其中，Beta沸石因其具有三维大微孔结构而成为生产广泛并且具有重要工业意义的沸石材料之一。与传统微孔Beta沸石相比，多级孔Beta沸石具有更小的空间位阻，更高的传质效率等诸多优点，从而能减少其在作为催化剂时积碳的形成，从而延长催化剂的使用寿命，提高催化剂利用效率。本文以Beta沸石为代表，从“自下而上”（直接合成）和“自上而下”（后期修饰）两种策略详细地介绍了多级孔沸石合成的研究进展，对硬模板剂法、软模板剂法、无介孔模板剂法、脱铝法和脱硅法进行了全面的介绍，并简要介绍了多级孔Beta沸石的特点，最后总结了各种合成方法的优点及存在的问题并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。

Research Progress on Synthesis of Hierarchical Beta Zeolites

Zeolite molecular sieves are indispensable catalysts in many industrial processes. Among them， Beta zeolite has become one of the most widely produced zeolite materials with industrial significance because of its three-dimensional macroporous structure. Compared with the traditional Beta zeolite， the hierarchical Beta zeolite has many advantages such as smaller steric hindrance， higher mass transfer efficiency and so on， which can reduce the formation of carbon deposition， prolong the service time of catalyst and improve the utilization efficiency of catalyst. This review introduces the synthesis of hierarchical Beta zeolite in detail from the two strategies of “bottom-up” （direct synthesis） and “top-down” （post modification）. The synthesis of hierarchical Beta zeolite by hard template method， soft template method， mesoporous template method， dealuminization method and desilication method are introduced， and the characteristics of hierarchical Beta zeolite are briefly introduced. The advantages and problems of various synthesis methods are summarized and the future development prospects are also prospected.