Frequency control of surface plasmons with oscillating metal-insulator-metal waveguides

A single frequency of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) will be converted to many discrete frequencies as they are transmitted through a metal-insulator-metal waveguide with its core width undergoing a harmonic oscillation. The process of the frequency conversion shares many key properties with the light diffraction in discrete optical systems. By employing the conception of optical diffraction management, we can control the discrete frequencies of SPPs such as the intensity and spectrum width by changing the initial phase of the waveguide oscillation. The study bridges the spatial discrete diffraction and frequency transition of SPP modes. Theoretical analysis based on the effective index method and coupled mode theory is provided in detail.