基于气动特性翼型参数化方法的适用性研究

翼型的优化设计在飞机的研发生产过程中占据相当重要的地位，因为翼型的几何外形会直接影响到飞机的整体气动性能．合理选择恰当的翼型表达方式是翼型优化设计成功的关键之一，其中，参数化方法在近年来得到了广泛应用．针对翼型参数化方法，提出“几何鲁棒性”和“性能鲁棒性”作为评判方法优劣的重要参考标准．选取三种常用的翼型参数化方法--NURBS、CST和PARSEC方法，七种不同类型的翼型，采用四项指标作为系统的评判准则来研究各方法的拟合精度与多点扰动下的几何鲁棒性，并利用Foil Design软件计算气动性能的相关数据，研究各方法在多点扰动下的性能鲁棒性．经对比分析，这三种参数化方法对大部分翼型均具有良好的表达能力，且不同程度地体现了一定的几何鲁棒性与性能鲁棒性．

Applicability of Airfoil Parameterization Methods Based on Aerodynamic Performance

The optimization of an airfoil is of great significance in the process of aircraft development and production, because the geometry contour of the airfoil directly affects the overall aerodynamic performance of the aircraft. Choosing a proper means of expression for the airfoil geometry is one of the keys to the success of airfoil optimization, among which parameterization methods have been widely adopted in this field of study in recent years. In this paper, ‘geometry robustness’ and ‘performance robustness’ are presented as two important aspects when evaluating airfoil parameterization methods. We adopt three parameterization methods (NURBS, CST, PARSEC), seven types of airfoils and four indices for the evaluation of fitting accuracy and geometry robustness under multi-point perturbation of each method. When evaluating the performance robustness under multi-point perturbation, a software called ‘Foil Design’ is used to calculate the aerodynamic performance data. According to the results, all of these three parameterization methods have good expression ability for most types of airfoils, together with different levels of geometry robustness and performance robustness.