Numerical modelling of structure vibrations under inertial moving load

Inertial loading of structures by mass travelling with near-critical velocity has been intensively debated. In the literature a moving mass is replaced by an equivalent force or an oscillator that is in permanent contact with the structure. A direct mass matrix modification method frequently implemented in the finite element approach gives reasonable results only in the range of relatively low velocities and for low mass value if compared with the mass of a structure. However, existing solutions are incorrect and are not implemented in commercial computer codes. In this paper we present the space–time finite element approach to the problem. The interaction of the moving mass/supporting structure is described in a local coordinate system of the space-time finite element domain. Resulting characteristic matrices include inertia, Coriolis and centrifugal forces. Simple modification of matrices in the discrete equations of motion allows us to gain accuracy in a wide range of velocity, up to the over-critical speed. Numerical examples of string and beam vibrations prove the simplicity and efficiency of the method.