我院医用数字X射线摄影系统设备质量控制及机房放射防护现状分析

为分析我院医用数字X射线摄影系统(DR)设备质量控制状态及机房放射防护现状,本研究选取截止2019年6月我院安装完毕并已验收检测合格投入使用的5台DR设备作为研究对象,依据WS 521-2017《医用数字X射线摄影(DR)系统质量控制检测规范》的检测要求和技术指标,对DR设备质量控制状态进行评价,根据GBZ 130-2013《医用X射线诊断放射防护要求》的检测要求和技术指标对机房放射防护情况进行评价。质量控制检测结果显示,5台DR设备中有2台DR设备各有1项检测项目不符合国家标准要求,总合格率为60.0%。各项检测指标中,管电压指示的偏离、光野与照射野四边的偏离不合格各有1台,合格率为80.0%;有用线束半值层、输出量重复性、有用线束垂直度偏离、光野与照射野中心、输出量线性、曝光时间指示的偏离合格率均为100.0%。机房放射防护检测结果显示,5台DR设备机房58个检测点的周围剂量当量率检测中有6个检测点发生泄露,泄露发生率为10.3%。结果表明,我院DR设备质量控制检测不合格率较高,DR机房泄漏风险也较高,需加强DR设备的质量控制,完善机房辐射安全管理,以保证影像辅助诊断的质量,以及放射工作人员和公众在放射诊疗过程中免受一切不必要的电离辐射。

Quality Control of Medical Digital X-ray System Equipment and Analysis of Current Situation of Radiation Protection in the Computer Room of Our Hospital

To analyze the quality control status of medical digital X-ray system(DR)equipment in our hospital and the current situation of radiation protection in the computer room.5 DR equipment installed in our hospital and accepted and put into use by June 2019 were selected as the research object in this study.The quality control status of DR equipment was evaluated according to the test requirements and technical indicators of WS 521-2017“quality control test specification for medical digital X-ray photography(DR)system”,and the test according to GBZ 130-2013“medical X-ray diagnostic radiation protection requirements”.Requirements and technical indicators of the room radiation protection evaluation.Quality control test results show that:2 of the 5 DR equipments each have one test item which does not meet the requirements of national standards,the total qualified rate is 60.0%.Among the inspection indexes,there is one set for deviation of tube voltage indication,one set for deviation of light field and four sides of irradiation field,and the qualified rate is 80.0%.The half value layer of the useful wire harness,the repeatability of the output,the deviation of the verticality of the useful wire harness,the center of the light field and the irradiation field,the linearity of the output and the deviation rate of the exposure time indication are all 100.0%.The radiation protection test results of the machine room show that:6 of the 58 detection points in the 5 DR equipment rooms had leakage,the leakage rate was 10.3%.The results show that the unqualified rate of DR equipment quality control and detection in our hospital is high,and the risk of DR machine room leakage is also high.We still need to strengthen the quality control of DR equipment,improve the radiation safety management of the machine room,so as to ensure the quality of image aided diagnosis and the protection of radiation workers and the public from all unnecessary ionizing radiation in the process of radiation diagnosis and treatment.