铝合金矩形薄壁梁压溃实验及理论与数值分析

平均压溃力反映乘用车纵梁在碰撞过程中吸收能量的能力,而矩形薄壁梁具有较高的溃缩吸能比,被广泛应用于纵梁的结构设计。本文通过轴向压溃实验研究了矩形薄壁梁的压溃性能,采用非对称超折叠单元理论对矩形薄壁梁平均压溃力进行公式推导,之后对矩形薄壁梁进行有限元压溃数值模拟,得到矩形薄壁梁平均压溃力的实验值、理论值及模拟值。通过对结果的比较可以得出,平均压溃力的理论结果和数值计算结果均与实验测得的结果吻合,这为矩形薄壁梁前期的结构设计提供了有效的理论指导。

CRUSHING EXPERIMENT AND THEORETICAL AND NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF RECTANGULAR THIN-WALLED ALUMINIUM ALLOY BEAM

The average crushing force determines the energy absorption capacity of the longitudinal beam in a passenger vehicle during the collision process. The longitudinal beam is usually in the form of rectangular thin-walled beam because of its high collapse and shrinkage energy absorption ratio. In this paper, the axial crushing experiment was carried out to study the crushing performance of rectangular thin-walled beams. The formula of the average crushing force of rectangular thin-walled beams was deduced by using the asymmetric super-folding element theory. The finite element numerical simulation of rectangular thin-walled beams was carried out to obtain the experimental, theoretical and simulated values of the average crushing force. By comparing the these results, it was concluded that the theoretical and numerical results of the average crushing force were consistent with the experimental results, which provided an effective theoretical guidance for the early structural design of rectangular thin-walled beams.