空间光学遥感器环境适应性设计与试验研究

为适应空间光学遥感技术的迅速发展及对空间光学遥感器需求的不断增长，在追求高高空间分辨率、高光谱分辨率、高辐射分辨率性能及轻量化的同时，必须考虑空间光学遥感器对恶劣的发射运载力学环境及在轨真空热环境的适应性问题。本文概述了国内外空间光学遥感器环境适应性设计的现状与进展，阐述了空间环境因素对空间光学遥感器性能的影响，尤其是在力学及真空热环境作用下的环境效应，探讨了环境效应的作用机理；在对任务需求和环境效应分析的基础上，提出了空间光学遥感器环境适应性设计的要求、准则以及适应性设计要点。在空间光学遥感器设计的早期设计阶段，统筹考虑对未来可能遇到的各种环境的适应性问题，并开展以质量特性、动力学特性及热光学特性为主的适应性设计分析迭代。在工程实施阶段，进行相应的特征试验以及环境模拟试验，实地考核空间光学遥感器的力学及热光学特性以及在各种模拟环境条件下功能和性能的有效性和正确性，确保对未来各种恶劣环境条的适应性。本文对设计分析迭代过程中以及试验过程中对环境适应性的评价方法及其相关的地面试验内容和方法也进行了论述。

Research on adaptability of optical remote sensor in mechanical and space thermal environment

In order to meet on going requirement of information for exploration to the earth and planet, space remote sensor must be manufactured with high spatial resolution, high spectrum resolution, high radiation resolution and super imagine quality while keeping light weight, besides that, the adaptability of space remote sensor to the variety rigor launching and space vacuum thermal environment must be taken into consideration. It is depicted summarily that the present state of environment adaptability design and the influence of mechanics and vacuum thermal environment on the performance of space remote sensor, and probe into the mechanism of environment effect, and the key points of environment adaptability design. The environment adaptability factors must be taken into account as a whole in the earlier design phase. It is pointed out that mass character; dynamical behavior and thermal optics character of space optical remote sensor are the most important factors to be considered in the course of iteration of design and analysis. During the production engineering stage, environment adaptability test should be carried out for assessing practice dynamical behavior and thermal optics character of product, and verify the validity of performance of space optical remote sensor for the sake of insuring sensor’s adaptability against variety rigor environment. The appraise method of environment adaptability design and the related test content are also described in this paper.