Determination of adhesion in bitumen-mineral systems by heat-of-immersion calorimetry |
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Authors: | D. V. Nowell M. W. Powell |
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Affiliation: | 1. School of Natural Sciences, Hetfield Polytechnic, College Lane, AL10 9AB, Hatfield, Hartfordshire, UK
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Abstract: | Chemical factors influencing bitumen-mineral adhesion have been examined by heat-of-immersion calorimetry. Two chosen minerals (quartz and calcite) and bitumen derived from Venezuelan and Middle East crude oils were characterised and the energy released by the bitumen-mineral interaction measured. Heat-of-immersion data are correlated with the concentration of heteroatomic species present in the bitumen and the structure of the mineral surfaces. Bitumen-quartz bonding is promoted by the presence of basic species in the bitumen and bitumen-calcite adhesion is favoured by the presence of acidic groups. A mechanism is proposed to account for the observed bond energies. |
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