Gemini型甜菜碱表面活性剂合成进展

Gemini型甜菜碱结合了甜菜碱和Gemini型表面活性剂的优点,可以在较低浓度下达到超低油水界面张力、配伍性好、耐温耐盐性好、Krafft点以及吸附量低,被广泛应用于日用化学、化学化工、纳米材料、生物技术和石油开采等领域。本文基于间隔基的类型介绍了近年来Gemini型甜菜碱表面活性剂方面的最新研究进展。重点阐述了对称胺型、三嗪环型、二卤代物型Gemini甜菜碱的合成方法,并从原料成本、产率、反应周期以及产物的性能等方面对合成方法进行了分析和比较。最后对Gemini型甜菜碱表面活性剂的发展进行了展望。

Research progress in the synthesis of Gemini-betaine surfactants

Gemini-betaine surfactants combines the advantage of Gemini surfactants and betaine surfactants. It is widely used in the fields of detergent, cosmetic and oil recovery because of its high interfacial activity, strong capacity for tolerating the divalent cations, low Krafft temperature, low adsorption capacity, and so on. In this paper, the latest progress in the synthesis technology of gemini-betaine surfactants based on different spacers. Three types of Gemini surfactants were described particularly, including symmetry amine type, triazine ring type and dihalogenation type. The advantages and disadvantages of each synthesis technology were analysed and compared in terms of raw materials, yield, reaction period and property. Finally the development of Gemini-betaine surfactants was discussed.