Evolution of symbiosis in hermatypic corals: A model of the past,present, and future |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mathematical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada;2. Federal University of Pernambuco — UFPE, Mathematics Department, Recife, PE, Brazil;3. Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium — LUMCON, Chauvin, LA, USA;4. Annis Water Resources Institute, Grand Valley State University, Muskegon, MI, USA;1. Astek, London, United Kingdom;2. Microsoft Corporation, 1 Microsoft Way Redmond, WA, USA;3. Department of Computer Science, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA;4. Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA;1. Lab for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin, South Korea;2. Department of Oral Histology, College of Dentistry, Dankook University, Cheonan, South Korea;1. Department of Mathematics, Universidad de Oviedo, c/ Calvo Sotelo, 33007-Oviedo, Spain;2. Department of Mathematics, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, 28993-Madrid, Spain |
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| Abstract: | This work can be considered a prequel to our previous paper on coral bleaching induced by global warming. We once again investigate, using Finsler geometry, dynamical energy budget theory and nonlinear modular mechanics, the origin of endosymbiosis, between reef-building corals and the algae. We assume their relationship starts out as entosymbiosis, with the algal organism living on the external surfaces of host coral exoskeleton, but with both gradually adapting to each other over evolutionary time-scales. Our main conclusion is that such an evolutionary conversion is possible and indeed is quite likely. |
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| Keywords: | Coral bleaching Evolution Finsler geometry Nonlinear dynamics Endosymbiosis Entosymbiosis |
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