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Non‐polar lipids characterization of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa) seed by comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization/mass spectrometry detection and non‐aqueous reversed‐phase liquid chromatography with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometry detection
Authors:Chiara Fanali  Marco Beccaria  Simona Salivo  Peter Tranchida  Giusy Tripodo  Sara Farnetti  Laura Dugo  Paola Dugo  Luigi Mondello
Affiliation:1. University Campus Bio‐Medico, Rome, Italy;2. Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco e deiProdotti per la Salute, University of Messina, Messina, Italy;3. Diabetes Research Institute, Division of Cellular Transplantation of Surgery, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA;4. Chromaleont S.r.l. A Spin‐off of the University of Messina, Messina, Italy
Abstract:A chemical characterization of major lipid components, namely, triacylglycerols, fatty acids and the unsaponifiable fraction, in a Quinoa seed lipids sample is reported. To tackle such a task, non‐aqueous reversed‐phase high‐performance liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry detection was employed. The latter was interfaced with atmospheric pressure chemical ionization for the analysis of triacylglycerols. The main triacylglycerols (>10%) were represented by OLP, OOL and OLL (P = palmitoyl, O = oleoyl, L = linoleoyl); the latter was present in the oil sample at the highest percentage (18.1%). Furthermore, fatty acid methyl esters were evaluated by gas chromatography with flame ionization detection. 89% of the total fatty acids was represented by unsaturated fatty acid methyl esters with the greatest percentage represented by linoleic and oleic acids accounting for approximately 48 and 28%, respectively. An extensive characterization of the unsaponifiable fraction of Quinoa seed lipids was performed for the first time, by using comprehensive two‐dimensional gas chromatography with dual mass spectrometry/flame ionization detection. Overall, 66 compounds of the unsaponifiable fraction were tentatively identified, many constituents of which (particularly sterols) were confirmed by using gas chromatography with high‐resolution time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry.
Keywords:Chenopodium Quinoa  Lipids  Mass spectrometry  Triacylglycerols  Unsaponifiable lipids
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