海洋物联网关键技术研究与应用

传统的海洋观测网孤立、碎片化的传感数据已经难以满足我国海洋观测领域的需求，低成本投入、低功耗运作、互联互通的海洋物联网是海洋信息领域的主流研究方向。介绍了海洋观测网的发展历程及研究现状，并在浙江大学摘箬山岛海底观测网络的研究基础上，提出一种新型的海洋物联系统架构以及一系列海洋物联网关键设备与平台，包括小型化海洋中控机、水声通信机、窄带物联网浮球、坐底式试验平台、便携式声学释放平台。未来，海洋物联网将向着轻量级、通信方式多样化与智能化的方向发展，并接入陆地互联网，实现“空天地海”万物互联。

Research and application on key techniques of marine IoT

Ocean observation networks with isolated and fragmented sensor data are not able to meet the demands of current ocean monitoring.Marine internet of things (IoT), which has the advantage of low investment cost, low power consumption, and interconnection is the primary research direction in the area of ocean information.An overview of the development and status of ocean observation networks was presented.A new type of marine IoT system architecture was proposed based on the Zhejiang University - Zhairuoshan Experimental Research Observatory (Z₂ERO).It features key marine IoT devices and test platforms, including scientific instrument interface module, hydroacoustic communicators, narrow-band IoT floating balls, seafloor test platforms, and portable acoustic retrievers.Future marine IoT is expected to develop toward miniaturization, intelligence, and diversity of communication methods.With the support of the terrestrial internet, the internet of everything will be achieved through an integrated space-air-ground-sea network.