An experimental and modeling study on autoignition of 2-phenylethanol and its blends with n-heptane |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Institut Pprime, UPR 3346 CNRS, ISAE–ENSMA, BP 40109, Futuroscope–Chasseneuil Cedex 86961, France;2. Fluid Mechanics Research Group, Universidad Carlos III de Madrid, Av. de la Universidad 30, Leganés (Madrid), 28911, España;3. Center for Combustion Energy, School of Vehicle and Mobility, State Key Laboratory of Automotive Safety and Energy, Tsinghua University, 30 Shuang Qing road, Beijing 100084, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Coal Combustion, School of Energy and Power Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China;2. National Synchrotron Radiation Laboratory, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China;3. Combustion Chemistry Centre, School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Ryan Institute, MaREI, University of Galway, Galway, H91 TK33, Ireland;1. Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94551, USA;2. Physical and Life Sciences Directorate, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94551, USA;3. Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA;1. Department of Energy Power & Mechanical Engineering, North China Electric Power University, Baoding 071003, China;2. School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, Cranfield, Bedfordshire, MK43 0AL, UK;1. Chemical Sciences & Engineering Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, 60439;2. School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210096, China;1. Institue of Technical Thermodynamics, RWTH Aachen University, 52062, Aachen, Germany;2. Institute for Combustion Technology, RWTH Aachen University, Templergraben 64, 52056 Aachen, Germany;3. Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA, 94551, USA |
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| Abstract: | 2-Phenylethanol (2-PE) is an aromatic alcohol with high research octane number, high octane sensitivity, and a potential to be produced using biomass. Considering that 2-PE can be used as a fuel additive for boosting the anti-knocking quality of gasoline in spark-ignition engines and as the low reactivity fuel or fuel component in dual-fuel reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) engines, it is of fundamental and practical interest to understand the autoignition chemistry of 2-PE, especially at low-to-intermediate temperatures (<1000 K). Based upon the experimental ignition delay time (IDT) results of neat 2-PE obtained from our previous rapid compression machine (RCM) investigation and the literature shock tube study, a detailed chemical kinetic model of 2-PE is developed herein, covering low-to-high temperature regimes. Besides, RCM experiments using binary fuel blends of 2-PE and n-heptane (nC7) are conducted in this work to investigate the nC7/2-PE blending effects, as they represent a dual-fuel system for RCCI operations. Furthermore, the newly developed 2-PE model is merged with a well-validated nC7 kinetic model to generate the current nC7/2-PE binary blend model. Overall, the consolidated model reasonably predicts the experimental IDT data of neat 2-PE and nC7/2-PE blends, as well as captures the experimental effects of pressure, equivalence ratio, and blending ratio on autoignition. Finally, model-based chemical kinetic analyses are carried out to understand and identify the controlling chemistry accounting for the observed blending effects in RCM experiments. The analyses reveal that nC7 enhances 2-PE autoignition via providing extra ȮH radicals to the shared radical pool, while the diminished nC7 promoting effect on 2-PE autoignition with increasing temperature is due to the negative temperature coefficient characteristics of nC7. |
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