Selective transformation of carbohydrates to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural over tungstophosphoric acid supported on activated carbon derived from orange peel |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Catalysis and Fine Chemicals, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, 500 007, India;2. Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201002, India;1. Department of Chemistry, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran;2. Department of Chemistry, Quchan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Quchan, Iran;1. GIET University, Gunupur, Odisha, India;2. International PranaGraf Mintech Research Centre (IGMRC), Odisha, India;3. Centurion University of Technology and Management, Odisha, India;1. Institute of Analysis, Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People''s Republic of Korea;2. School of Science and Engineering, Kim Chaek University of Technology, Pyongyang, Democratic People''s Republic of Korea;1. University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India;2. Department of Chemistry and Centre of Advanced Studies, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India;3. Vaxine Pty Ltd, Warradale, Australia;4. College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia;5. National Interdisciplinary Centre of Vaccine, Immunotherapeutics and Antimicrobials, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India;1. CSIR — Central Leather Research Institute, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Polymer Science and Technology, Adyar, Chennai, 600 020, India;2. Chemical Sciences, Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, 201 002, India;1. Department of Mathematics, College of Engineering and Technology, Srinivas University, Mangalore, 574146, India;2. Department of Mathematics, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davanagere, 577004, India;3. Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Bapuji Institute of Engineering & Technology, Davanagere, 577004, India;4. Department of Chemistry, College of Engineering and Technology, Srinivas University, Mangalore, 574146, India |
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| Abstract: | A series of tungstophosphoric acid supported on activated carbon derived from left-over orange-peel catalysts (TPA/OAC) have been prepared. These catalysts were examined for one-pot catalytic transformation of fructose/glucose to 5-ethoxymethylfurfural. Physico-chemical properties of the catalytic materials were executed by using various characterization methods. Spectroscopic analysis results propose that TPA was finely distributed on the high surface area carbon support with persistent Keggin ion structure. The EMF yield is depended on the content of active component TPA on support and also on the reaction conditions. The catalyst with 25 wt% TPA on OAC presented highest activity towards EMF synthesis from fructose. Although, the catalyst 25 wt% TPA/OAC showed low activity towards EMF synthesis from glucose, higher yields of ethyl glucopyranoside could be formed from glucose in EtOH. Activated carbon was synthesized by carbonization of orange peel treated with H3PO4, which was used as a good support for HPAs. The catalysts are quite stable and recyclable for the dehydrative alkylation of fructose. |
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| Keywords: | Activated carbon Orange peel Tungstophosphoric acid 5-Ethoxymethylfurfural Fructose |
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