LES study of turbulent ethanol spray flames using CSE coupled with non-adiabatic chemistry tables |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;2. School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China;3. Department of Mechanical Engineering and Science, Kyoto University, Kyoto 615–8540, Japan;4. College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;1. Technical University of Darmstadt, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Simulation of reactive Thermo-Fluid Systems, Otto-Berndt-Straße 2, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany;2. Engler-Bunte-Institute, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Engler-Bunte-Ring 7, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany;3. Steinbuch Centre for Computing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany;1. School of Aerospace Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;2. Institute for Aero Engine, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China;1. Beihang Hangzhou Innovation Institute Yuhang, Xixi Octagon City, Yuhang District, Hangzhou 310023, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan Rd, Tianjin 300350, China;3. Division of Fluid Mechanics, Lund University, Lund 22100, Sweden;4. School of Energy and Power Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China;1. State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy Utilization, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, PR China;2. Energy Systems Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL 60439, USA;3. Combustion Research Facility, Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, CA 94550, USA;1. Division of Fluid Mechanics, Lund University, Lund 221 00, Sweden;2. State Key Laboratory of Engines, Tianjin University, 135 Yaguan road, Tianjin 300350, China |
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| Abstract: | Conditional Source-term Estimation (CSE) is applied to three turbulent ethanol spray flames (EtF3, EtF6, and EtF8) in Large Eddy Simulation (LES). The objectives of this paper are to include the heat losses due to spray evaporation and gas radiation in the chemistry tabulation, assess the impact of these changes on the temperature and droplet statistics, and evaluate the performance of LES-CSE for the selected flames. The profiles of gas temperature, spray velocity, velocity root mean square (rms) and droplet size distribution are well reproduced in the simulations compared to available experimental data. Temperature underpredictions near the centreline are observed, in particular, at locations closer to the jet exit for flames with lower jet velocity. A wider flame is predicted in EtF8 compared to the experiment and regions of local extinction are visible. The use of non-adiabatic chemistry library results in a noticeable improvement in the temperature predictions near the peak locations, especially for flames with higher velocity and closer to the jet exit. The heat losses due to evaporation are larger than those from radiation, confirming the importance of including the evaporation effects in the chemistry tables. The droplet velocity is well predicted, except for EtF8 where an underprediction is observed far downstream. The velocity rms is slightly underpredicted at some locations, probably due to the simple stochastic model used. Overall, LES-CSE with non-adiabatic chemistry tables successfully captures the gas-spray quantities in the selected flames. |
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