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Lithium ions in the van der Waals gap of Bi2Se3 single crystals
Authors:J. Bludská  ,S. Karamazov,J. Horá  k
Affiliation:a Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, v.v.i., 250 68 ?e?, Czech Republic
b Fakulty of Electrical Engeneering and Informatics, University Pardubice Studentská 95, 532 10 Pardubice, Czech Republic
c Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1120, USA
Abstract:Insertion/extraction of lithium ions into/from Bi2Se3 crystals was investigated by means of cyclic voltammetry. The process of insertion is reflected in the appearance of two bands on voltammograms at ∼1.7 and ∼1.5 V, corresponding to the insertion of Li+ ions into octahedral and tetrahedral sites of the van der Waals gap of these layered crystals. The process of extraction of Li+ ions from the gap results in the appearance of four bands on the voltammograms. The bands 1 and 2 at ∼2.1 and ∼2.3 V correspond to the extraction of a part of Li+ guest ions from the octahedral and tetrahedrals sites and this extraction has a character of a reversible intercalation/deintercalation process. A part of Li+ ions is bound firmly in the crystal due to the formation of negatively charged clusters of the (LiBiSe2.Bi3Se4) type. A further extraction of Li+ ions from the van der Waals gap is associated with the presence of bands 3 and 4 placed at ∼2.5 and ∼2.7 V on the voltammograms as their extraction needs higher voltage due to the influence of negative charges localized on these clusters.
Keywords:Intercalation   van Der Waals gap   Bi2Se3 crystals
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