Size-fractionated characterization and quantification of nanoparticle release rates from a consumer spray product containing engineered nanoparticles |
| |
Authors: | Harald Hagendorfer Christiane Lorenz Ralf Kaegi Brian Sinnet Robert Gehrig Natalie V Goetz Martin Scheringer Christian Ludwig and Andrea Ulrich |
| |
Institution: | (1) EMPA, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Testing and Research, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland;(2) ETHZ, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Wolfgang-Paulistr. 10, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland;(3) EAWAG, Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology, Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland;(4) PSI, Paul Scherrer Institue, CH-5232 PSI Villigen, Switzerland;(5) EPFL, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland |
| |
Abstract: | This study describes methods developed for reliable quantification of size- and element-specific release of engineered nanoparticles
(ENP) from consumer spray products. A modified glove box setup was designed to allow controlled spray experiments in a particle-minimized
environment. Time dependence of the particle size distribution in a size range of 10–500 nm and ENP release rates were studied
using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS). In parallel, the aerosol was transferred to a size-calibrated electrostatic
TEM sampler. The deposited particles were investigated using electron microscopy techniques in combination with image processing
software. This approach enables the chemical and morphological characterization as well as quantification of released nanoparticles
from a spray product. The differentiation of solid ENP from the released nano-sized droplets was achieved by applying a thermo-desorbing
unit. After optimization, the setup was applied to investigate different spray situations using both pump and gas propellant
spray dispensers for a commercially available water-based nano-silver spray. The pump spray situation showed no measurable
nanoparticle release, whereas in the case of the gas spray, a significant release was observed. From the results it can be
assumed that the homogeneously distributed ENP from the original dispersion grow in size and change morphology during and
after the spray process but still exist as nanometer particles of size <100 nm. Furthermore, it seems that the release of
ENP correlates with the generated aerosol droplet size distribution produced by the spray vessel type used. This is the first
study presenting results concerning the release of ENP from spray products. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|