理想化试卷模型初探

考试是教育测量的一种重要方法，也是社会上选拔人才的一个重要途径，试卷是考试中所使用的工具。本文依据现代科学理论，提出了理想化试卷模型概念，并在理想化假设条件下从理论上推导了考生分数分布与试题难度分布的关系，从而得出了理想化试卷中各难度区间试题数与总题数的百分比；提出了相对区分度的概念和评价方法；设计了计算内容效度的公式并编制了计算机程序，这样使试卷设计有了理论依据，也为考试评价提供了实用程序。

The ideadized test paper model disuss

Examination is an important method of educational measurement, and also an important means in selecting talented people. Test paper is a useful tool in the examination. This thesis introfuces for the first time the conception of idealized test paper model. Under the idealized hypothesis conditions this thesis deduces the relationship between the distribution of the items on the basis of theories. The percentage is calculated of items in different regions of difficulty in the idealized test in the total items. This puts forward the conception of relative discrimination and the method of evaluation,and designs the calculating formula of content validity and the calcilating programs,so as to provide the test designs with theoretical basis,and to offer application programs to practical evaluation.