量热分析化学放大方法及技术

该文从提高选择性、灵敏度和分析性能的角度,在富集、缓冲液放大、非水溶液体系、级联反应等方面评述了量热分析化学热焓放大的原理、方法以及关键技术,其中,富集是通过集聚提升待测物浓度来提高反应焓变;缓冲液放大利用缓冲液的质子焓变增强反应焓变;非水溶液体系可从热容量的角度提升量热灵敏度;级联反应由系列反应或循环完成,最终焓变是系列反应焓变的叠加,达到热焓放大目的。通过结合最新的研究成果和应用进一步阐明化学放大方法实现热焓放大能有效改善和提高量热分析系统的信噪比和降低检出限,并大大加强量热分析方法在现场、实际试样分析测试中的固有应用优势。同时,对当前存在的问题、挑战及未来的研究方向进行了探讨,并展望了其发展趋势和前景。

Chemical Amplification Methods and Techniques in Calorimetry

A review on chemical amplification methods and techniques is presented in this paper.Such chemical amplification approaches are introduced by overview of enrichment,buffer amplification,non-aqueous milieu and sequential reaction.Enrichment could obtain higher reagent concentration by pre-concentration.Buffer amplification is achieved by additional enthalpy of buffer proton-producing reactions.Non-aqueous milieu is achieved by temperature rise caused by decrease of specific heat.Sequential reaction has notable increase of total enthalpy contributed by net enthalpy change of each reaction in the cycle.More broadly,recent literatures to address these issues are also introduced.Their applications could help to enhance the test performance of calorimetric system like calorimetric biosensor achieved by improving effective enthalpy change.Taking inherent advantages of robust technique and crude samples detection,calorimetry combined with chemical amplifications is easy to operate,and must have a good propect in trace analysis field.