BINEPINES: chiral binaphthalene-core monophosphepine ligands for multipurpose asymmetric catalysis

The atropisomeric structure of 4,5-dihydro-3H-dinaphtho[2,1-c;1',2'-e]phosphepine is the common axially chiral scaffold of a library of monophosphine ligands nicknamed BINEPINES that have shown a quite remarkable stereoselection efficiency in a broad variety of enantioselective reactions involving the formation of new C-H or C-C or C-X bonds. In this critical review the properties and scope of this type of chiral ligands are illustrated (70 references).