聚乳酸共混改性研究新进展

聚乳酸(PLA)基塑料相比于聚羟基脂肪酸酯、聚氨基酸等生物基塑料具有更佳的抗拉强度、延展性、光泽度和透明度^1],而相比于传统石油基塑料又具有可完全降解且无毒无害的优点。作为传统石油基塑料的首选替代品，纯PLA塑料也面临着玻璃化转变温度较低、断裂伸长率较差等缺陷，难以完全替代传统石油基材料。因此，自诞生以来，PLA基塑料的改性工作一直是国内外学者的研究热点，其方法主要包括共聚、共混和添加改性剂等。本文主要阐述近些年来PLA共混改性方法的进展，着重分析其方法、特点及应用。最后，对PLA基塑料的发展前景进行了展望。

New Progress in Blending Modifications of Polylactic Acid

Compared with other bio-based plastics such as PHA and polyamino acid, polylactic acid (PLA)-based plastics have the advantages of good tensile strength, ductility, glossiness, and transparency 1]. In contrast to traditional petroleum-based plastics, they are completely degradable producing non-toxic and harmless materials. However, as the most preferred substitute for traditional petroleum-based plastics, pure PLA plastic has its own defects such as low glass transition temperature, and low elongation at break, making it difficult to replace traditional petroleum-based materials completely. Therefore, the modification of pure PLA has attracted much attentions through the world since the birth of polylactic acid. The traditional modification methods mainly include copolymerization, blending and addition of modifiers. This paper mainly discusses the new progress in blending modifications of PLA in recent years, focusing on the methods, characteristics and applications. Finally, the development trends of polylactic acid-based plastics are also proposed.