直接碳氢化合物固体氧化物燃料电池

直接碳氢化合物固体氧化物燃料电池(D-HC SOFC)具有能量密度高和运行成本低等特点,可望在便携式电源等方面得到广泛应用,已成为国际上SOFC领域的研究热点。本文对D-HC SOFC进行了热力学分析,综述了目前国际上在D-HC SOFC研究方面的现状,指出现有的D-HC SOFC研究工作绝大多数都是围绕着如何避免积碳进行。围绕着避免积碳的3条途径即降低工作温度、采用合适的催化剂和促进电化学氧化,对D-HC SOFC研究进行了阐述和讨论。文中还提到一些阳极反应机理方面的研究,并对今后的D-HC SOFC工作提出了作者的观点,认为应该在D-HC SOFC电池组方面和涉及到气体分布的阳极反应机理方面做更多工作。

Direct-Hydrocarbon Solid Oxide Fuel Cells

Direct-hydrocarbon solid oxide fuel cell(D-HC SOFC) can directly operate on low-cost and readily available hydrocarbon fuels without reforming. With high power density and low operation cost,D-HC SOFC has the potential of greatly speeding the application of solid oxide fuel cells(SOFC) in portable devices,back-up power supplies,auxiliary power units(APU) and distributed-power stations.At the beginning of this paper,the principle of SOFC is briefly introduced followed by a thermodynamic analysis on the feasibility of D-HC SOFC.Then,the status of D-HC SOFC research and development is reviewed.It is showed that most of the research on D-HC SOFC has been focused on avoiding carbon deposition caused by pyrolysis of hydrocarbon fuels at elevated operating temperatures.There are three ways to remove carbon in D-HC SOFC: lowering operating temperature,using proper catalyst that can suppress carbon formation reaction in anodes, and promoting electrochemical oxidation by running SOFC at large enough current.Some works on the anode reaction mechanism are also described.Finally,the author's view on further research and development on D-HC SOFC is presented,that more work is required in D-HC SOFC stacks and anode reaction mechanisms associated with gas(including reactants and products and any other kind of gases produced during SOFC operation) distributions in SOFC.