小行星捕获轨道优化研究综述

小行星捕获对研究行星起源、地球生命来源、防御小行星撞击地球和开采行星矿产资源具有重要的意义。由于现有的推进器能力不足,小行星捕获任务中优化小行星捕获所需要的速度增量是任务成败的关键。本文分别从利用引力辅助轨道优化、连续小推力轨迹优化、小行星捕获任务轨道优化设计及小行星临时捕获等4 个方向介绍小行星捕获轨道优化方面国内外研究进展及现状。基于对上述研究现状的分析,尝试展望小行星捕获轨道优化研究的未来发展趋势。

REVIEW ON OPTIMIZATION OF ASTEROID CAPTURE ORBITS

The asteroid is of great significance for studying the formation of planets, the origin of life on the Earth, the defense against the collision of asteroids to the Earth and the mining on asteroids. Due to the insufficient capacity of the existing propulsion technology, the velocity increment needed to optimize the asteroid capture is the key for a successful capture mission. This paper reviews the capture orbit optimization method for asteroid and the extended capture period with the impulse thrust and lowthrust propulsions, including the strategy to capture asteroids by the gravity assisted and resonant orbital techniques, the continuous low thrust and temporary asteroid capture, and the scheme of extending the capture period.