静电纺丝法制备聚丙烯腈/聚苯胺复合纳米纤维及其表征

利用静电纺丝技术,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)和苯胺(ANI)为前驱物,用过硫酸胺(APS)溶液在低温下缓慢氧化聚合,制备了PAN/PANI复合纳米纤维,直径约500 nm.通过扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、红外光谱(FTIR)、X射线衍射(XRD)和激光拉曼(RAMAN)光谱仪等测试手段对材料的形貌和结构进行了表征.探讨了材料制备过程中影响纤维形貌、尺寸、均匀度的因素和PANI含量对复合纤维导电性能的影响,结果表明,PAN浓度、ANI的加入量和电压是影响纤维特性的主要因素;PANI在PAN基体中呈纳米尺寸分布,复合纳米纤维具有良好的导电性能,导电率可达10-2S/cm.

PREPARATION AND CHARACTERZATION OF PAN/PANI COMPOSITE NANOFIBERS BY ELETROSPINNING

Polyacrylonitrile (PAN)/polyaniline (PANI) composite nanofibers with diameter about 500 nm were successfully prepared by electrospinning a precursor mixture of PAN and aniline (ANI),followed by slow oxidative polymerization of ANI with ammonium persulfate (APS) in aqueous solutions.Morphology and structure of the resulting PAN/PANI nanofibers were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM),Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR),X-ray diffraction (XRD) and laser Raman spectroscopy.The factors influencing the morphology,size and uniformity of the composite nanofibers as well as the impact of the content of PANI on the electrical conductivity of the composite nanofibers were discussed,respectively.The results demonstrated that the PAN concentration,content of ANI added and applied electric voltage were the main factors which may influence the properties of the composite nanofibers.Moreover,PANI was nanodispered in the PAN matrix.The PAN/PANI composite nanofibers possessed good electrical conductivity,and the electrical conductivity could reach 10^-2 S/cm,when the PANI content was over 18%.