Effects of carbon nanofiber composites on electrode processes involving liquid|liquid ion transfer |
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Authors: | Galyna Shul Maria A Murphy Geoff D Wilcox Frank Marken Marcin Opallo |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, ul. Kasprzaka 44/52, 0, 1-224 Warszawa, Poland;(2) Institute of Polymer Technology and Materials Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, LE11 3TU, UK;(3) Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK |
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Abstract: | Composite electrodes were prepared from chemical vapor deposition grown carbon nanofibers consisting predominantly of ca.
100 nm diameter fibers. A hydrophobic sol–gel matrix based on a methyl-trimethoxysilane precursor was employed and composites
formed with carbon nanofiber or carbon nanofiber—carbon particle mixtures (carbon ceramic electrode). Scanning electron microscopy
images and electrochemical measurements show that the composite materials exhibit high surface area with some degree of electrolyte
solution penetration into the electrode. These electrodes were modified with redox probe solution in 2-nitrophenyloctylether.
A second type of composite electrode was prepared by simple pasting of carbon nanofibers and the same solution (carbon paste
electrode). For both types of electrodes it is shown that high surface area carbon nanofibers dominate the electrode process
and enhance voltammetric currents for the transfer of anions at liquid|liquid phase boundaries presumably by extending the
triple-phase boundary. Both anion insertion and cation expulsion processes were observed driven by the electro-oxidation of
decamethylferrocene within the organic phase. A stronger current response is observed for the more hydrophobic anions like
ClO4− or PF6− when compared to that for the more hydrophilic anions like F− and SO42−.
Presented at the 4th Baltic Conference on Electrochemistry, Greifswald, March 13–16, 2005 |
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Keywords: | Carbon ceramic electrode Carbon paste electrode Carbon nanofibers Ion transfer Liquid|liquid interface Voltammetry |
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