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Biharmonic extensions on trees without positive potentials
Authors:Ibtesam O. Bajunaid  David Singman
Affiliation:a King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
b University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
c George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, United States
Abstract:Let T be a tree rooted at e endowed with a nearest-neighbor transition probability that yields a recurrent random walk. We show that there exists a function K biharmonic off e whose Laplacian has potential theoretic importance and, in addition, has the following property: Any function f on T which is biharmonic outside a finite set has a representation, unique up to addition of a harmonic function, of the form f=βK+B+L, where β a constant, B is a biharmonic function on T, and L is a function, subject to certain normalization conditions, whose Laplacian is constant on all sectors sufficiently far from the root. We obtain a characterization of the functions biharmonic outside a finite set whose Laplacian has 0 flux similar to one that holds for a function biharmonic outside a compact set in Rn for n=2,3, and 4 proved by Bajunaid and Anandam. Moreover, we extend the definition of flux and, under certain restrictions on the tree, we characterize the functions biharmonic outside a finite set that have finite flux in this extended sense.
Keywords:Biharmonic   Trees   Harmonic
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