送风方式对飞机座舱内污染物传播影响研究

采用数值模拟方法研究了波音737-200座舱模型内的气流场以及污染物传播过程,并通过实验数据加以验证;分析了天花板加侧壁送风(混合送风)、侧壁送风以及天花板送风三种送风方式下座舱内的速度场、涡量场、污染物浓度场和空气龄,并且解释了舱内流场结构对污染物传播过程的影响。研究结果表明:不同送风方式下飞机座舱内污染物的传播过程差异明显,这是由流场结构特征的差异造成的,特别是在小尺度范围内,涡结构十分复杂,严重影响污染物的传播规律;在聚集过程中,污染物更容易在漩涡范围内聚集,而变形主导的气流运动会阻碍污染物向更大范围传播;在排除过程中,天花板送风形式下污染物的排除效率最快,混合送风次之,侧壁送风最慢。这对于防控新冠肺炎是有参考价值的。

Study on the influence of air supply mode on contaminant transport in aircraft cabin

The airflow field and contaminant transport process in B737-200 cabin model are calculated by using the numerical simulation method, and the experimental data is used to verify the calculation, the velocity field, vorticity field, contaminant concentration field and age of air in the cockpit under the three air supply modes of mixed, side and ceiling air supply, and the effluence of flow field structure in the cabin on the contaminant transport process is explained. The results show that the difference of contaminant transport in the aircraft cabin is different under different air supply modes, which is caused by the difference of structural characteristics of the flow field, especially in the small scale, the vortex structure is very complicated, which seriously affects the transport of contaminant. During the aggregation process, contaminants are more likely to accumulate in the vortex range, and the deformation-dominated airflow movement will hinder the contaminants from spreading to a wider range;in the process of elimination, elimination efficiency of the ceiling air supply mode is fastest, and the mixed mode is the second, the side air supply mode is the slowest.