Origin of the surface recombination centers in ZnO nanorods arrays by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
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Authors: | LL Yang QX Zhao XJ Liu JH Yang |
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Institution: | a Department of Science and Technology (ITN), Linköping University, SE-60174 Norrköping, Sweden b Institute of Condensed State Physics, Jilin Normal University, Siping 136000, People's Republic of China c Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping University, SE-581 83 Linköping, Sweden |
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Abstract: | The surface composition of as-grown and annealed ZnO nanorods arrays (ZNAs) grown by a two-step chemical bath deposition method has been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). XPS confirms the presence of OH bonds and specific chemisorbed oxygen on the surface of ZNAs, as well as H bonds on surfaces which has been first time observed in the XPS spectra. The experimental results indicated that the OH and H bonds play the dominant role in facilitating surface recombination but specific chemisorbed oxygen also likely affect the surface recombination. Annealing can largely remove the OH and H bonds and transform the composition of the other chemisorbed oxygen at the surface to more closely resemble that of high temperature grown ZNAs, all of which suppresses surface recombination according to time-resolved photoluminescence measurements. |
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Keywords: | ZnO nanorods Optical properties Surface recombination X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
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