Growth of β-MnO2 films on TiO2(110) by oxygen plasma assisted molecular beam epitaxy |
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Authors: | S. A. Chambers Y. Liang |
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Affiliation: | Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA 99352, USA |
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Abstract: | We have used oxygen plasma assisted MBE to grow epitaxial films of pyrolusite (β-MnO2) on TiO2(110) for thicknesses of one to six bilayers (BL). We define a bilayer to be a layer of Mn and lattice O and an adjacent layer of bridging O within the rutile structure. The resulting surfaces have been characterized in situ by reflection high-energy electron diffraction, low-energy electron diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and diffraction, and atomic force microscopy. Well-ordered, pseudomorphic overlayers form for substrate temperatures between 400 and 500°C. Mn–Ti intermixing occurs over the time scale of film growth (1 BL/min) for substrate temperatures in excess of 500°C. Films grown at 400–500°C exhibit island growth, whereas intermixed films grown at temperatures of 500–600°C are more laminar. 1 BL films grown at 450°C are more laminar than multilayer films grown at the same temperature, and form a well-ordered surface cation layer of Mn on the rutile structure with at most 10% indiffusion to the second cation layer. |
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Keywords: | Low index single crystal surfaces Molecule beam epitaxy Photoelectron diffraction Photoelectron emission X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy |
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