纳米孔道动电效应能量转换系统的前沿研究进展

可再生清洁能源的开发和利用对人类社会的可持续发展具有重要意义。 基于动电效应的纳米孔道能量转换系统将流体机械能转化为电能,有望应用于微型电源部件、自驱动纳米机器、微机电体系等领域,为清洁能源发电系统的开发提供了全新的选择。 纳米孔道中的机械能-电能转换过程涉及固体孔道与流体界面间的相互作用,合理设计孔道界面的微观结构,对其进行化学修饰及探讨界面间的相互作用,是提高能量转换效率和输出功率的关键。 近年来,随着纳米技术的迅猛发展及人们对界面物理化学的深入研究,纳米孔道结构和纳流体发电体系能被更精准地设计和集成。 本文主要介绍了基于动电效应的纳米孔道能量转换系统的基本概念,重点关注了纳米孔道中动电效应的最新研究进展,并对该领域进行了展望,为纳米孔道动电效应能量转换系统、纳米发电机、自驱动纳米机器、可穿戴器件等领域的进一步发展和应用提供参考。

Recent Research Progress on Nanopores and Nanochannels Based Electrokinetical Energy Conversion Systems

The development of renewable clean energy is of great importance for human sustainable development. Nanopores and nanochannels based electrokinetical energy conversion systems provide us new choices for future clean energy resource development. Because these systems can transfer fluidic mechanical energy to electrical energy, they could be applied in the fields such as marine energy, self-driving nano-machines and micro-electrical mechanical systems. The interplay between solid pores and liquid interface is crucial for the energy conversion process inside nanopores and nanochannels. Artificial design, chemical modification and optimization for the interfacial structure of the energy conversion systems are key factors to improve the energy conversion efficiency. With rapid development of nanotechnology and the further study of the physical chemistry of surfaces, we can effectively and precisely prepare nanofluid power generation systems. This review mainly introduced basic concepts and advance progress of nanopores and nanochannels based electrokinetical energy conversion systems. We hope this review will be inspiring for scientists in the area of developing and applying of electrokinetic energy conversion systems, nano-generators, self-actuated nano-machines and wearable devices, etc.