Bistable characteristics of thick-walled axisymmetric domes

We apply a finite element analysis to examine the stability of spherical, thick-walled domes undergoing large deformation. We identify three energetic states, mono-stable, bi-stable, and pseudo-bi-stable that uniquely characterize the behavior of the dome during deformation. An empirical relation is developed using finite element simulations relating the stability of the dome to pertinent geometric parameters like height, length and thickness, which is verified experimentally. Using this relation, similar domes can be designed to have desired stability characteristics.