肿瘤及其微环境的力学问题

肿瘤微环境包括肿瘤细胞、间质细胞、细胞外基质等.其在肿瘤的生长和发展过程中起着关键作用.肿瘤的微环境与正常组织的微环境有着显著的不同.肿瘤中的压应力对微环境有着多方面的影响, 例如, 可调控血管与淋巴管的功能, 造成代谢异常和间质高压, 压缩间隙基质, 增大药物输运的困难, 促进间质细胞变异并诱导肿瘤细胞转移. 因此, 肿瘤中的力学因素引起了广泛关注.本文总结了肿瘤及其微环境力学问题的研究进展, 讨论了肿瘤微环境中应力产生、药物输运、肿瘤转移等问题, 介绍了肿瘤微环境正常化的策略及其对肿瘤治疗的意义. 

The mechanical problems in tumor and tumor microenvironment

Tumor microenvironment contains tumor cells, stromal cells and extracellular matrix, which plays an important role in tumor growth and development. The tumor microenvironment has its unique structural features. Physical forces in tumors can change the tumor microenvironment, disable the blood and lymphatic vessels, result in the abnormal metabolism, compress the interstitial structure, hinder the delivery of drugs, and induce stromal cells to change their behavior and promote tumor metastasis. So the forces in tumor have attracted increasing attention. In this review, we summarize the advances of mechanics problems in tumor and its microenvironments. We discuss the causes of solid stress, drug delivery and tumor metastasis. Also we introduce several strategies to restore the tumor microenvironments and their effects on tumor therapy.