Magnetic-dipole vortex generation by propagation of ultraintense and ultrashort laser pulses in moderate-density plasmas

A magnetic-dipole vortex is generated in the behind of an ultraintense and ultrashort laser pulse in a near critical density plasma. The vortex is self-sustained by its magnetic field pressure which expels background electrons, and resulting sheath field accelerates electrons to drive high amplitude electric current inside the vortex. The electron energy spectra shows nonthermal distribution with relatively high energy. The vortex is stable for a long period since it is in the electromagnetic equilibrium, whose structure and characteristics are explained by a simple analytical model.