Many-body generalization of the Z2 topological invariant for the quantum spin Hall effect |
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Authors: | Lee Sung-Sik Ryu Shinsei |
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Affiliation: | Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of California, Santa Barbara, California 93106, USA. |
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Abstract: | We propose a many-body generalization of the Z2 topological invariant for the quantum spin Hall insulator, which does not rely on single-particle band structures. The invariant is derived as a topological obstruction that distinguishes topologically distinct many-body ground states on a torus. It is also expressed as a Wilson loop of the SU(2) Berry gauge field, which is quantized due to time-reversal symmetry. |
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