Comparative evaluation of critical operating conditions for a tubular catalytic reactor using thermal sensitivity and loss-of-stability criteria |
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Authors: | Gheorghe Maria Dragoş-Nicolae Ştefan |
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Institution: | 1.Department of Chemical Engineering,University Politehnica of Bucharest,Bucharest,Romania |
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Abstract: | Optimal operation of a chemical reactor according to various performance criteria often drives the system towards critical
boundaries. Thus, precise evaluation of runaway limits in the parametric space becomes a crucial problem not only for the
reactor’s safe operation, but also for over-designing the system. However, obtaining an accurate estimate for operating limits
is a difficult task due to the limited validity of kinetic models describing complex processes, as well as the inherent fluctuations
of the system’s properties (catalyst, raw-material quality). This paper presents a comparison of several effective methods
of deriving critical conditions for the case of a tubular fixed-bed catalytic reactor used for aniline production in the vapour
phase. Even though the methods being compared are related to one another, the generalised sensitivity criterion of Morbidelli-Varma
(MV) seems to be more robust, not depending on a particular parameter being perturbed, when compared to the criteria that
detect an incipient loss of system stability in the critical region (i.e., div-methods based on the system’s Jacobian and
Green’s function matrix analysis). Combined application of div- and MV criteria allows for an accurate evaluation of the distance
from the reactor’s nominal conditions to the safety limits. |
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