Stable cavitation induces increased cytoplasmic calcium in L929 fibroblasts exposed to 1-MHz pulsed ultrasound |
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| Authors: | Tsukamoto Akira Higashiyama Satoru Yoshida Kenji Watanabe Yoshiaki Furukawa Katsuko S Ushida Takashi |
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| Institution: | aCenter for Disease Biology and Integrative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;bFaculty of Engineering, Doshisha University, 1-3 Tataramiyakotani, Kyotanabe, Kyoto 610-0321, Japan;cDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;dDepartment of Bioengineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;eCenter for Nanobio Integration, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan;fTranslational System Biology and Medicine Initiative (TSBMI), The University of Tokyo, Japan |
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| Abstract: | An increase in cytoplasmic calcium (Ca2+ increase) is a second messenger that is often observed under ultrasound irradiation. We hypothesize that cavitation is a physical mechanism that underlies the increase in Ca2+ in these experiments. To control the presence of cavitation, the wave type was controlled in a sonication chamber. One wave type largely contained a traveling wave (wave type A) while the other wave type largely contained a standing wave (wave type B). Fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of a sound field produced by the wave types ascertained that stable cavitation was present only under wave type A ultrasound irradiation. Under the two controlled wave types, the increase in Ca2+ in L929 fibroblasts was observed with fluorescence imaging. Under wave type A ultrasound irradiation, an increase in Ca2+ was observed; however, no increase in Ca2+ was observed under wave type B ultrasound irradiation. We conclude that stable cavitation is involved in the increase of Ca2+ in cells subjected to pulsed ultrasound. |
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| Keywords: | Ca2+ increase Different wave types Pulsed ultrasound L929 Stable cavitation |
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