Simple methods for dead-time and pile-up corrections in analytical gamma-ray spectrometry

In the paper the mathematical methods for dead-time and pile-up corrections are discussed. The dead-time correction formulae for a system of two short-lived isotopes and constant component (background) are reported which mathematical problem has not been solved so far. The new electronic circuit for simultaneous measurements of clock- and live- (or dead-) times is described. It is shown that using this circuit one can correct the counting loss for both effects simultaneously. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of mathematical methods for dead-time and pile-up corrections are discussed based on the authors' several-year laboratory practice.