An instrumental neutron activation analysis of 18th century lead-glazed earthenwares from four Spanish missions in Texas

Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (INAA) was used to determine relative manufacturing locales of lead-glazed earthenwares recovered from four Spanish missions in Texas. Two principal clays were distinguished, one containing volcanic ash and one sand. The ceramics characterized by the volcanic ash were believed to have been manufactured in Mexico, while those containing sand were made in Texas. This distinctionis important because it suggests that the Indians at the Texas missions were manufacturing ceramics using Spanish technology such as lead-glazing.